Hadiyya
- Language Family
- Afro-Asiatic
- Subgroup
- Cushitic
- Area
- —
Summary
First person plural perfective suffix /-nummo/ combined with consonant-final stems would create impermissible sequences *Cn. Metathesis and place assimilation take place to create a legal cluster NC (where N stands for a nasal homorganic to the following C).
The reflexive suffix /-ʔ/ is metathesized with the stem-final sonorants /m, n, r/. Note that final /r/ after this process will be realized as [l]
Type(s) of metathesis
| Type | Status | Optionality | Position | Location | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a. CC | Synchronic | Obligatory | Adjacent | Across morpheme boundaries | |
| b. CC | Synchronic | Obligatory | Adjacent | Across morpheme boundaries |
Case types and qualities
-
- CC
-
- C1:
- Any
- C2:
- Alveolar nasal
-
- CC
-
- C1:
- Nasal
- C1:
- Rhotic
- C2:
- Glottal stop
Examples
/bat'-/ + /-nummo/ → [bant'-úmmo] 'we worked'
/duuk'-/ + /-nummo/ → [duuŋk;-úmmo] 'we put'
/ʔit-/ + /-nummo/ → [ʔint-úmmo] 'we ate'
/ʔaf-/ + /-nummo/ → [ʔaɱf-úmmo] 'we reached'
/tum-/ + /-ʔ/ → [tuʔm] 'hit for oneself'
/foon-/ + /-ʔ/ → [fooʔn] 'take something for oneself'
/mar-/ + /-ʔ/ → [maʔl] 'go for oneself'
Conditions
This process more generally applies to all first person plural forms with the /-n-/ affix.
Motivations
No motivations could be found
Symbols
C' = ejective
Comments
Note the /r-ʔ/ → [ʔl] change. The author considers this as "assimilation" but does not offer any explicit motivation for doing so.
Bibliography
Garkebo, Tadesse Sibamo. 2015. Documentation and Description of Hadiyya (A Highland East Cushitic Language of Ethiopia). PhD Dissertation, Addis Ababa University.